First and foremost, you must know that the science of Tafsir quran al quran (meaning of the quran ) is one of the most important and honorable sciences because it is related to the eternal Book of God (the Quran).
The science of Tafsir is the most important of the sciences because it works to interpret and clarify the verses of the Holy Qur’an. The science of Tafsir is not limited to the Holy Qur’an only, but is related to A close connection with the Sunnah of the Prophet because some hadiths explain some of the vocabulary of the Qur’an.
Imam al-Tabari said, “May God have mercy on him.”
(I am amazed at the one who reads the Quran and does not know its meaning, how he finds pleasure in reading it.)
Tafsir concept
Tafsir is one of the most important means and methods that explain various sciences. It simplifies methods that appear complex, explains statements, explains reasons, and explains results in a way that is easy to understand.
Tafsir in language
Tafsir in language means: explanation, clarification, clarification, and revelation.
Tafsir quran al quran according to scholars of jurisprudence and religion
It is the science through which the verses of the Holy Quran are understood, their meanings are known, and legal rulings are derived from them. It is a comprehensive and comprehensive science that does not stop at explanation, but rather deals with all the aspects of the surahs and verses, the reason for their revelation, in which people or place they were said, and what lesson can be taken from them, just as the Tafsir The Holy Qur’an closes the doors to any controversy over the meaning and explanation of a particular verse and settles its matter, so there is no room for doubt or Tafsir without knowledge or jurisprudential knowledge.
Types of Tafsir
There are different types of hermeneutics:
The first type (Tafsir by aphorisms)
It is an Tafsir that depends on the interpretive sources, which are the Holy Quran, the Sunnah of the Prophet, and the sayings of the Companions
The most famous books of Tafsir of the hadiths:
1- Tafsir Ibn Kathir.
2- Interpretation of Al-Baghawi.
3- Tafsir al-Tabari.
4- Interpretation of Al-Suyuti.
4- Tafsir Ibn Abi Hatim.
This type is divided into four sections of Tafsir:
1- Tafsir of the Quran by the Quran: This means that some verses explain some other verses, which is that the text is brief in one verse and another simplified verse comes that explains it completely.
(Example) God Almighty said: “(1) O you who have believed, fulfill [all] contracts Lawful for you are the animals of grazing livestock except for that which is recited to you [in this Qurān] – hunting not being permitted while you are in the state of iḥrām.Indeed, Allāh ordains what He intends.” And in another place, God Almighty says. “(3) Prohibited to you are dead animals,blood, the flesh of swine, and that which has been dedicated to other than Allāh, and [those animals] killed by strangling or by a violent blow or by a head-long fall or by the goring of horns, and those from which a wild animal has eaten, except what you [are able to] slaughter [before its death], and those which are sacrificed on stone altars,and [prohibited is] that you seek decision through divining arrows. That is grave disobedience. This day those who disbelieve have despaired of [defeating] your religion; so fear them not, but fear Me. This day I have perfected for you your religion and completed My favor upon you and have approved for you Islām as religion. But whoever is forced by severe hunger with no inclination to sin – then indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.
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2- Tafsir of the Qur’an using the Sunnah:
It means that some Quranic verses are interpreted using the words of the Messenger of God, as some verses were difficult for the Companions, so the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, would interpret them so that there was in his words what was suitable for interpretation.
(Example) – God Almighty said: “Those who consume usury” when the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, interpreted it by saying: “Gold for gold, silver for silver, wheat for wheat, barley for barley, dates for dates, salt for salt, for example with A third, hand in hand, so whoever increases, or increases, He has arba, the taker and the giver are alike in it.)
3- The Companions’ Tafsir of the verses: The Companions, may God be pleased with them, have a great status in Islam that is not hidden from a Muslim, and therefore their statements are reliable evidence.
(Example) _ The Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, prayed for the companion Ibn Abbas in his saying ((Oh God, grant him insight into religion, and teach him Tafsir)).
4- The Successors’ Tafsir of the Qur’an: The Successors relied on this Tafsir on what they learned from the Companions, may God be pleased with them.
The second type (Tafsir by opinion)
This type of Tafsir depends on the great diligence of interpretive scholars specialized in linguistic grammar and Sharia sciences.
The interpreter is required to have knowledge of Arab speech, knowledge of Arabic words and their meanings, knowledge of the causes of revelation, knowledge of the abrogated and abrogated verses of the Quran, and other tools that the interpreter needs.
The most famous books on Tafsir by opinion:
1- Tafsir Abd al-Rahman bin Kaisan alAsam.
2- Tafsir of Abu Ali Al-Jaberi.
3- Tafsir of Al-Zamakhshari.
Controls for accepting Tafsir by opinion:
1- Quoting from the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, and investigate the weak and fabricated ones.
2- Adopting the words of the Companion.
3- Adopting what is required by the words of the Arabs and indicated by Sharia law.
This type is divided into two parts:
Tafsir of the praiseworthy opinion: It means the Tafsir that is based on the principles of Islamic law and the origins of the Arabic language and is built on the basis of precise and clear rules.
Tafsir based on reprehensible opinion: This type is done based on any knowledge, without any knowledge of the principles of Islamic law, and is not considered one of the correct Tafsir. It is forbidden to use this type in interpreting Qur’anic verses.
The third type (indicative Tafsir) is Tafsir by reference:
Meaning of Tafsir by reference:
It is the Tafsir of the Quran, contrary to its apparent meaning, as a hidden reference that appears to some people of knowledge and appears to some who know God Almighty and struggle with the soul.
The meaning of this is that the Tafsir by reference is for the interpreter to see another meaning of the verse for what is apparent and implied by the noble verse, but this meaning does not appear to every human being, but rather appears to those whose heart God Almighty opens with faith and whose insight God enlightens.
Imam Ibn al-Qayyim (may God have mercy on him) said: There is no harm in interpreting by reference under four conditions:
1- It does not contradict the meaning of the verse.
2- That it has a correct meaning in itself.
3- That there be a notification in the word.
4- That there be a connection and correlation between it and the meaning of the verse.
If these four conditions are met, it is a good deduction.
It must be noted that not everything that is attributed to the indicative Tafsir is completely false, as some of it is true and some of it is false and rejected.
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