Prophet Adam is the father of mankind, the first prophet, and his story is among the tales from which we derive lessons and important teachings. In this article, we will narrate the story of Prophet Adam, how he was created, how he lived in Paradise, how he was expelled from it, and the story of his death.
1. The events of Prophet Adam’s creation.
2. The prostration of the angels to Prophet Adam and Satan’s refusal to prostrate, and his promise to mislead Adam.
3. The knowledge that Allah taught Prophet Adam, which the angels were unable to comprehend.
4. Prophet Adam in Paradise.
5. Adam’s expulsion from Paradise.
6. Prophet Adam on Earth.
7. The death of Prophet Adam.
First: The events of Prophet Adam’s creation:
Allah, the Exalted, said to the angels, “I will create a human being from clay and make him a successor on earth.” The angels responded, “Will You place therein one who will cause corruption and shed blood, while we celebrate Your praise and glorify You?” Their statement was not a dispute or objection to the decree of Allah, as some may assume. Rather, their concern was that this creation would spread corruption on earth. As we know, the angels only knew obedience and submission to Allah. Allah replied to them, saying, “I know that which you do not know.”
“When your Lord said to the angels, ‘Indeed, I will make upon the earth a successive authority.’ They said, ‘Will You place upon it one who causes corruption therein and sheds blood, while we declare Your praise and sanctify You?’ Allah said, ‘Indeed, I know that which you do not know.'” [Quran 2:30]
Allah created Prophet Adam from clay and did not breathe the soul into him until forty years later. The angels were apprehensive about approaching this creation whose nature they did not know. Satan would observe him, hover around him, enter through his mouth, and exit through his rear. He would say to the angels, “Do not be afraid; he is hollow. If I have control over him, I will destroy him.” When the time came to breathe the soul into Prophet Adam, Allah commanded the angels, “When I have fashioned him and breathed into him of My spirit, then fall down in prostration to him.” Allah then breathed the soul into Adam.
Secondly: The prostration of the angels to Prophet Adam and Satan’s refusal to prostrate:
Allah commanded the angels, including Satan, to prostrate to Prophet Adam after the soul was breathed into him. All the angels prostrated except Satan, who out of envy and arrogance towards Adam, refused to prostrate to him. Allah asked Satan, knowing what was in his heart, “What prevented you from prostrating when I commanded you?” Satan replied, “I am better than him. You created me from fire and created him from clay.” Allah then said, “Descend from Paradise, for it is not for you to be arrogant therein. So get out; indeed, you are of the debased. And upon you is My curse until the Day of Recompense.” Satan’s response was to threaten Prophet Adam and his descendants with temptation and misguidance. He requested from Allah to be given respite until the Day of Resurrection, and Allah granted his request, expelling him from Paradise to the Earth.
Thirdly: The knowledge that Allah taught Prophet Adam:
Allah taught Prophet Adam the names of all things in the universe. Allah then presented these things to the angels and said, “Inform Me of the names of these, if you are truthful.” Allah asked the angels about the names of these things to make them aware of the virtue and status of Prophet Adam in His sight. The angels responded, “Exalted are You; we have no knowledge except what You have taught us. Indeed, it is You who is the Knowing, the Wise.” Allah then said to Adam, “O Adam, inform them of their names.” When Adam informed the angels of the names, Allah said, “Did I not tell you that I know the unseen [aspects] of the heavens and the earth? And I know what you reveal and what you have concealed.”
These are some of the significant events and lessons from the story of Prophet Adam, the first human and prophet according to Islamic belief.
Fourth: Prophet Adam in Paradise:
Prophet Adam resided in Paradise, but he soon felt loneliness and a lack of companionship. One day, while he was sleeping, Allah created his wife, Eve, from one of his ribs. When Adam woke up, he found her beside him and felt a deep affection for her. They both lived in Paradise, and Allah said to them, “O Adam, you and your wife dwell in Paradise and enjoy its provisions wherever you wish, but do not approach this particular tree,” pointing out a specific tree they were forbidden to approach or eat from.
Fifth: Prophet Adam’s expulsion from Paradise:
Adam and Eve lived in Paradise, enjoying its blessings and provisions, until Satan whispered to them, suggesting a tree that could grant them eternal life or make them immortal rulers. Satan swore to them that he was a sincere advisor, so they ate from the tree and disobeyed their Lord. After eating from the tree, they immediately felt remorse and their faults became apparent to them. They covered themselves with leaves from Paradise. Allah called upon them and said, “Did I not forbid you from approaching this tree? Satan is your clear enemy.” They acknowledged their wrongdoing, repented to Allah, and sought His forgiveness and mercy. Allah accepted their repentance, but they were still expelled from Paradise.
Sixth: Prophet Adam on Earth:
After Allah accepted Adam’s repentance, he descended to Earth along with his wife, Eve. Allah taught them how to live, sustain themselves, and continue their lives on Earth. Adam and Eve had many sons and daughters, and Adam, with Allah’s guidance, taught and guided them towards Allah and the path of righteousness.
Seventh: Prophet Adam’s death:
When Adam’s end approached, he said to his children, “Go and gather fruits from Paradise for me.” His children went, and the angels met them and asked, “Where are you going, O children of Adam?” They replied, “Our father sent us to gather fruits from Paradise for him.” The angels said, “Return, for it is enough for you.” They went back, and when they entered upon Adam, Eve became anxious and drew closer to him. Adam said to her, “Move away from me. You were the reason for me being expelled from the company of angels.” Then Adam’s soul was taken, and he was washed, shrouded, and prayed upon. He was buried, and it was said to his children, “This is your way concerning your dead.” Thus, they followed these practices.
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