Prophet Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah and the seal of the prophets and messengers, whom Allah sent as a mercy to the worlds, conveying his message and guiding all of humanity. He is the truthful and trustworthy one, the noble example that we, as Muslims, should emulate. May Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him.
If you want to experience happiness and reach heights of virtue, you must follow the noble example and the embodiment of existence, Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him. He is the truthful and trustworthy one, the excellent role model that all Muslims should strive to emulate
1. Prophet Muhammad before his mission:
2. The mission of Prophet Muhammad:
3. The secret call of Prophet Muhammad:
4. The public proclamation of the call of Prophet Muhammad:
5. The migration to the city of Madinah:
6. The most famous expeditions of Prophet Muhammad:
7. The death of Prophet Muhammad:
8. Children and wives of Prophet Muhammad:
The children and wives of Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him.
First: Prophet Muhammad before his mission:
Name: Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim ibn Abd Manaf ibn Qusay ibn Kilab ibn Murrah ibn Ka’b ibn Lu’ay ibn Ghalib ibn Fahr ibn Malik ibn al-Nadr ibn Kinana ibn Khuzaimah ibn Mudrikah ibn Ilyas ibn Mudar ibn Nizar ibn Ma’ad ibn Adnan.
1. The birth of Prophet Muhammad:
Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, was born on Monday, April 20, 571 CE, two months after the passing of his father. He was nursed by Halimah Al-Saadiyah, and blessings showered upon her, her husband, and their pastures ever since Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, came under their care. When he reached the age of four, his chest was opened by Gabriel, peace be upon him, and the portion of Satan was removed from him. When he narrated what happened to his foster mother, she became concerned and returned him to his mother.
His mother passed away when he was six years old. His grandfather, Abdul-Muttalib, then took care of him until he also passed away, and Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, was eight years old. His uncle, Abu Talib, then took him under his guardianship and took excellent care of him. He loved him immensely. When Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, reached the age of thirteen, he accompanied his uncle on a trade journey to Syria. On their way, they met Bahira, the monk who recognized the signs of Prophethood in Muhammad, peace be upon him. Bahira advised Abu Talib, “Take your nephew back, for he will have a great future. Beware of the Jews, for his time is near.” Abu Talib returned with him to Makkah after completing their trade.
2. The marriage of Prophet Muhammad to Khadijah bint Khuwaylid:
When Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, reached the age of twenty-five, Khadijah bint Khuwaylid heard of his rare trustworthiness and noble character. She offered him a business opportunity to accompany her to Syria under her employment. He accepted the offer, traveled, and gained substantial profits. Upon his return, Khadijah’s employee, Maisarah, informed her of his trustworthiness and dignity. Khadijah, who belonged to a noble Arab lineage and was known for her intellect, determination, and wealth, proposed marriage to him. Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, accepted and married her. She proved to be an excellent wife, and Allah blessed him with all his children through her, except for his son Ibrahim.
Secondly: The mission of Prophet Muhammad:
Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, used to seclude himself in the cave of Hira to worship according to the religion of Ibrahim, peace be upon him. When he reached the age of forty, while in seclusion, Gabriel, peace be upon him, came to him on the seventeenth of Ramadan in the year 610 CE.
Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, narrated how the revelation started, saying, “Gabriel came to me while I was asleep, wearing a green garment, with a book in his hand. He said, ‘Read.’ I replied, ‘I cannot read.’ He then embraced me forcefully until I could not bear it anymore. Then, he released me and said, ‘Read.’ Again, I replied, ‘I cannot read.’ He embraced me again until I could not bear it, then he released me and said, ‘Read in the name of your Lord who created, created man from a clinging substance. Read, and your Lord is the most Generous, who taught by the pen, taught man that which he knew not.’ So, I recited it, and it was as if it was written in my heart.”
Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, returned and informed his wife, Khadijah, about what had happened, saying, “I fear for myself.” She reassured him and comforted him, saying, “No, by Allah, Allah will never disgrace you. You keep good relations with your kith and kin, help the poor and the destitute, serve your guests generously, and assist the deserving calamity-afflicted ones.”
Third: Secret Call to Islam:
The period of revelation to Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, was challenging for him until Allah revealed the verses: “O you wrapped in garments, arise and warn.” He began calling people to have faith in Allah secretly. A small group responded to his call, known in Islamic history as “the early believers.” Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, would meet with them and guide them to the right path while hiding in the house of Arqam ibn Abi Arqam al-Makhzumi in Mecca. His secret call to Islam lasted for three years.
Fourth: Open Call to Islam:
Allah commanded His Messenger, peace be upon him, to openly proclaim his message, as stated in the verse: “So proclaim openly what you are commanded and turn away from the polytheists.” He openly called the people, and the Quraysh gathered around him. He asked them, “What if I told you that an army was coming to attack you, would you believe me?” They replied, “Yes, for we have never experienced falsehood from you.” He then declared, “I am the Messenger of Allah to you all and to all people.” Abu Lahab, his uncle, cursed him and mocked him, and as a result, Surah Al-Masad (Chapter of Palm Fiber) was revealed. The people were divided, and enmity increased against him. His uncle, Abu Talib, supported and defended him. Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, remained steadfast in fulfilling the command of Allah, despite the harm inflicted upon him and his companions. Seeing the persecution and the inability to protect his followers, he gave permission to those without tribal protection to migrate to Abyssinia (Ethiopia) to seek refuge with their religion. The Negus, the ruler of Abyssinia, honored and provided them a safe haven. Those who remained among the believers suffered persecution that they could hardly bear, except for those who had embraced Islam and had the protection of their tribes.
Fifth: The Migration to Medina:
Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, migrated to Medina after thirteen years of prophethood. Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq accompanied him. Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, was 53 years old at the time. Upon his arrival in Medina, the people welcomed him and formed a grand procession, chanting:
“The full moon has risen upon us from the Thaniyat al-Wada’
Thank Allah for His guidance, never to be led astray!
O Messenger among us, you came with the message to obey.”
This marked the beginning of the establishment of the Islamic state.
Sixth: Major Battles of Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him:
1. The Battle of Badr.
2. The Battle of Uhud.
3. The Battle of the Trench.
4. The Battle of Khaybar.
5. The Battle of Mu’tah.
6. The Conquest of Mecca.
7. The Battle of Tabuk.
Seventh: The Death of Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him:
Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, fell ill before his death and passed away in the year 11 AH (After Hijra) on the 13th of Rabi’ al-Awwal. He was buried in the chamber of his wife, Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her.
Eighth: Children and Wives of Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him:
His children, peace be upon them:
1. Al-Qasim.
2. Abdullah.
3. Ibrahim.
4. Zainab.
5. Ruqayyah.
6. Umm Kulthum.
7. Fatimah.
His wives, peace be upon them:
1. Khadijah bint Khuwaylid.
2. Sawda bint Zam’a.
3. Aisha bint Abi Bakr.
4. Hafsa bint Umar.
5. Zainab bint Khuzayma.
6. Zainab bint Jahsh.
7. Umm Habiba.
8. Umm Salamah.
9. Maymunah bint al-Harith.
10. Safiyyah bint Huyayy.
11. Juwayriyah bint al-Harith.
May Allah be pleased with all of them.
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